Approach is a set of assumptions that define
beliefs and theories about the nature of the learner and the process of
learning which is translated into the classroom. Method is an overall plan for
systematic presentation of a lesson based upon a selected approach. It implies
an orderly logical arrangement of steps. It is more procedural. Techniques are
the specific activities manifested in the classroom that are consistent with a
method and therefore in harmony with an approach as well. It is a well-defined procedure used to
accomplish a specific activity or task. In teaching K-12 program, the curriculum shall be learner-centered,
inclusive and developmentally appropriate; the curriculum shall be relevant,
responsive and researched- based; the curriculum shall be culture-sensitive; the curriculum shall be contextualized and global; the curriculum shall use pedagogical approaches
that are constructivist, inquiry-based, reflective, collaborative and
integrative; The curriculum shall adhere to the principles and framework of the
Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE); The curriculum shall use the spiral progression
approach to ensure mastery of knowledge and skills after each level; and The curriculum
shall be flexible enough to enable and allow schools to localize, indigenize
and enhance the same based on their respective educational and social contexts.
There are learning approaches to the K to 12 program and these are the
following. Learner-centered
choice of teaching
method and technique has the learner as the primary consideration. Inclusive no student is
excluded from the circle of learners. Developmentally appropriate the tasks required of
students are within their developmental stages. Responsive and relevant using a relevant and
responsive teaching approach means making your teaching meaningful. Research-based you apply methods of teaching which have been
proven to be effective. Culture-sensitive you are mindful of the diversity of
cultures in your classroom. Contextualized and global you make teaching
meaningful by putting your lesson in a context. Constructivist being constructivist
means you believe that students learn by building upon their prior knowledge. Inquiry-based and
reflective A
test of your effectiveness in the use of the inquiry-based approach is when the
students begin formulating questions, risking answers, probing, reflecting,
acting as researchers and writers of research reports. Collaborative this teaching
approach involves groups of students or
teachers and students working together. Integrative this can be intradisciplinary, interdisciplinary or
transdisciplinary. Spiral
progression approach this approach is also interdisciplinary. This enables students to
explore connections among the sciences and branches of math. MTB-MLE-based The Mother tongue is used as a medium of
instruction from K to 3 in addition to it being taught as a subject from Grades
1 to 3. There are different methods in teaching; Direct and indirect method
where direct is teacher-dominated. You lecture immediately on what you want the
students to learn without necessarily involving them in the process while in
indirect you synthesize what have been
shared to connect loose ends and give a whole picture of the past class
proceedings and ideas shared before you lead them to the drawing of
generalizations or conclusions.; Deductive and inductive method, In the
deductive method, you begin your lesson with a generalization, a rule, a
definition and end with examples and illustrations or with what is concrete.
While, in the inductive method, you begin your lesson with examples, with what
is known, with the concrete and with details. You end with the students giving
the generalization, abstraction or conclusion.
Approaches, method and
technique are necessary in teaching. Conveying knowledge to students take a lot
of effort, courage and procedure. Flexible teachers are useless if you are not
able to come up with strategies that will gain student's mood in learning. In
teaching, it requires logical arrangement of steps and it is more procedural.
We must consider approach that will ensure mastery of knowledge and skills. In
teaching we should give account to different approaches such as
learner-centered wherein we give considerations to students, inclusive wherein
it gives everyone the right to learn, developmentally appropriate, responsible and
relevant where you connect the topic to real life situation, Research-based
where you apply method in teaching, culture-sensitive that is anchored on
respect for cultural diversity, contextualize and global, constructivist,
inquiry-based and reflective, collaborative, integrative, spiral progression
and MTB-MLE-based. These are the approaches which embodied method and technique
that are relevant in learning.
A
teacher without prior knowledge about having different approaches, technique
and method in teaching is like teaching without thinking if her students had
learn something from her. These things are important for teachers and for the
students as well. There is no best method, we can only conclude that it is best
when students had learned from you and are able to apply their learning in
different aspects. To have an effective method the teachers and the learners
must be ready in tossing up with the topic. In K to 12 programs, the teacher
must be able to apply those approaches for it embodies methods and technique
that is helpful and relevant in learning. I as a future teacher must know how
to consider learners ability, give to them the total freewill to collaborate
and interact with one another. Another thing is that, we should be considerate
with the culture of each student. To have a successful lesson, we should know
how to connect the lesson to real life situation where everyone can relate. We
must congregate ideas that has basis and has been proven effective. A lesson
will only be called effective when both the teachers and the students are
ready. Method, approaches and strategy are proven effective in teaching.
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